The method for the simultaneous determination of acetaldehyde, acrolein, and formaldehyde in water using purge and trap coupled with gas chromatography was investigated and optimized to improve accuracy and efficiency. Through systematic experimentation, optimal conditions were established for sample preparation, gas flow rate, and chromatographic separation. The results demonstrated that the method is not only simple to implement but also highly sensitive and reliable. The detection limits for the target compounds were found to be 0.037 mg/L for acetaldehyde, 0.012 mg/L for acrolein, and as low as 0.0006 mg/L for formaldehyde, indicating excellent sensitivity. The relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from 3.9% to 15.8%, reflecting good precision across different concentrations. Furthermore, when applied to real water samples, the recovery rates varied between 73.0% and 118%, which confirms the method's reliability and applicability. This analytical approach meets the requirements set forth in the Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard, making it a suitable technique for environmental monitoring and regulatory compliance.
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