The most commonly used rotors in centrifuges are:
1. Angle rotor, which is short for fixed angle rotor. The angle θ between the centrifuge and the rotating shaft that holds the solution is formed when the rotor is manufactured and can never be changed. When using an angle rotor, it should be noted that the centrifuge tube is subject to a strong centrifugal field, and the soft centrifuge tube will collapse when the tube is not filled with liquid. Rigid centrifuge tubes will break when repeatedly used.
2. Shaking off the rotor is also known as swinging the rotor. The centrifuge tube is placed in the hanging basket, which is axisymmetrically hung on the rotor. When rotating, the gondola is thrown from the vertical position to the horizontal position by centrifugal force, so it is also called external swinging rotor and swinging gondola rotor. When the rotor is thrown away, short-thick centrifuge tubes are used for constant-density centrifugation, and slender centrifuge tubes are used for rate-zone centrifugation. They are the most common techniques for analysis using preparative centrifuges. Rotating off the rotor is also used for differential centrifugal separation in a few cases. Because the radius-volume relationship of the rotor is relatively simple, and it is easy to form an isodynamic gradient, it is the main method for the preparation machine to determine the settlement coefficient.
3. The vertical rotor, compared with other rotors, not only shortens the centrifugation time, but also obtains a relatively high resolution. In the vertical angle rotor, the centrifuge tube containing the solution is kept vertical during the centrifugation process, that is, the angle with the rotating shaft is zero degrees. The rotor was born in the 1970s, and now ultra-speed centrifuges and high-speed centrifuges are mostly equipped with vertical rotors, which are widely used. The vertical rotor gradient centrifugation technology is widely used. It can separate and verify various tissue components.
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