[Abstract] Analyze the composition and specialization of the equipment on the packaging line, and put forward the requirements for the semi-automatic and fully automatic packaging equipment. In particular, it points out the idea of ​​automation of heavy-duty packaging line.
Keywords: packaging production line; equipment; automation
According to statistics, as of the end of the 1990s, there were about 1,000 companies producing packaging equipment in China. From the perspective of the size of the enterprise, only 18.5% of the total number of workers in the packaging equipment enterprises in the country exceeded 1,000. That is to say, the scale of packaging equipment companies is SMEs are the mainstay. Although the number of large-scale enterprises is small, they also have a certain percentage, have certain energy and influence, and provide favorable conditions for developing high-tech and more complex products.
Judging from the degree of specialization, the current level of professionalization of domestic packaging equipment is not high, 57% of enterprises are concurrent production, only the provincial and municipal specialized factories in the coastal areas are more.
From the perspective of the product composition of enterprises, China's packaging equipment is mainly concentrated in cigarettes, beverages, and light industries; there are few packaging facilities in the chemical industry, building materials industry, metallurgical industry, sugar industry, and grain processing, that is, the so-called heavy Bag packaging production equipment is rare. As the heavy bag packaging equipment requires relatively high automation, and the scientific and technological content is relatively high, involving mechanical, electrical, electronic, instrumentation, computers, sensors, and gas-liquid, etc., the professionalism is strong, and the research funding required to invest is much, so scientific research There are also few units and manufacturers.
After nearly ten years of efforts, China's packaging equipment manufacturing industry has made great progress in terms of quantity, variety, quality and level. However, there is still a long way to go from the international level, especially in the gap in the technological content of packaging equipment. As a result, in China's building materials industry, food processing industry, metallurgy, sugar refining and other industries that need packaging activities can not get rid of the heavy physical labor, so these industries have low labor productivity, high production costs, product quality instability, waste, serious Interfering with the development of these industries. For example, in Guangxi, there is currently no manufacturer that produces automatic heavy bag packaging lines.
The economic costs and market prospects of artificial packaging and natural packaging are quite different. China will soon join the World Trade Organization. The internationally advanced and cost-effective products produced through advanced production technologies and management will have a great impact on China's production methods and products. In the past, our traditional hand-workshop-style production methods produced products that were difficult to compete internationally. This article discusses the automation of packaging production lines at a certain level.
1 Automatic Packaging Line and Equipment The production process of automatic packaging line is shown in Figure 1.
Material from main plant → Sensor weighing hopper → Electronic weighing unit → Sealing machine → Palletizing system → Warehouse
1.1 Fully automatic packaging equipment Fully automatic packaging machine consists of automatic bagging system, packaging scale (can be designed as single or multi-scale if necessary), platform, plastic equipment, demolition machine, batch number and production date printer, conveyor ( Including bag conveyor, stand bag conveyor and flat bag conveyor), and dust collection device can also be set up. Automatic bagging system is the main difference between fully automatic packaging and semi-automatic packaging. The automatic bagging system has strict requirements on the quality of the packaging bag. When the coating film does not meet the requirements, the failure rate of the automatic bagging system increases as the quality of the bag decreases. If non-export products, valuable products, and packaging of articles with strict requirements on product packaging, from the perspective of reducing the cost of packaging bags and the price of packaging machines, semi-automatic packaging machines are recommended.
The automatic packaging machine can pack 50 bags of 500 bags per hour, with a maximum of 800 bags to 1,200 bags; the weighing accuracy is 0.2% and the highest is 0.1%.
1.2 Automatic palletizing system The fully automated palletizing system consists of a charter machine, a rake type reinforcement machine, an article attitude control device, a conveyor system, and a control system. Automatic palletizing systems are available in elevated and low profile versions.
The amount of the overhead palletizer is greater than the output of the low palletizer. Each stack of five bags, 40 to 50kg per bag, and 40 bags per bag, can be stacked up to 600 bags per hour up to 1200 bags per hour.
Automatic palletizing machines are equipped with forklift trucks for storage and transportation, and there are flexible loading and unloading operations. Mechanized operation can be realized for tasks such as transportation, palletizing, demolition, and removal. The work time is greatly shortened, and labor intensity is greatly reduced. An automatic palletizing production line is recommended for 2 to 3 operators.
For enterprises with an annual output of more than 100,000 tons, the use of fully automatic packaging pallets can produce great economic and social benefits. Enterprises with an annual output of 50,000 to 100,000 tons also have significant economic and social benefits; Enterprises with output of more than 5,000 tons are recommended to use semi-automatic packaging and palletizing production lines, and they can also obtain large economic and social benefits.
1.3 Features of automatic packaging palletizing production line for fully automatic packaging palletizing production line:
(1) The automation process has been gradually realized. Packing materials or packaging containers are automatically organized and input to the output of products; automatic coordination of single machines and units and production lines and automatic processing of faults; online automatic detection of packaging quality and automatic rejection of defective products; to adapt to multiple varieties and small The actual need for mass production of packaging equipment can realize flexible automatic packaging palletizing.
(2) Packing code åž› Equipment is more complete. The packaging equipment is mostly single-unit linkage line and unit for continuous operation, and the complete set of methods is: The single-machine or unit with different functions and auxiliary equipment are combined to complete the continuous operation; the production line with multiple functions is designed and manufactured. In modern production, packaging machinery not only combines the functions of bag making, bag filling, sealing, weighing, palletizing, and transportation, but also combines functions such as cleaning, sterilization, metering, labeling, printing, inspection, and conveying. Complete sets of operations.
(3) High reliability. The automatic packaging line system has many functions, many work stations and complex mechanisms. It requires accurate movement, rapid movement and coordination, and reliable work. In modern industrial production, packaging equipment has become a key equipment in the production line. For this purpose, necessary inspection and monitoring measures are adopted, and faults are displayed or alarmed in a timely manner. For the purpose of detecting faults and misoperations, safety precautions are set so that the equipment may be damaged even under unexpected conditions. After the alarm is issued, the operator intervenes to restore the device to normal operation.
(4) Strong generality. The generalization, serialization and standardization of packaging equipment are more conducive to the automation of packaging. The composition of industrial packaging lines and equipment should be modular. Each specific user may have different needs in the nature of the material, weighing accuracy, productivity, as well as the package, sealing method, etc., but there are many actions are the same or similar, but the size is not the same, grain cereal automatic packaging There are also similarities with the actions of chemical fertilizers, mineral pellets, and small packages. Therefore, the components of the packaging equipment can be designed to be generalized. Therefore, the degree of generalization of some national packaging machinery has reached 70% to 90%.
1.4 Semi-automatic packaging systems Due to production and other reasons, manual operations such as bag feeding and sealing operations are sometimes required, and on-line reconditioning, quality review, inspection, printing, and roll consolidation are sometimes not required. At this time, the system is also referred to as semi-automatic packaging. system.
2? The need for automated packaging equipment packaging line For a long time, the packaging production line only to pack the material well, especially the more than 25kg heavy bag packaging, as for the subsequent handling work is completely completed by the porters. There are many reasons for this situation, but it is mainly due to the low level of productivity in our country, cheap labor, lack of funds, lack of scientific research personnel, and backward management.
2.1 Problems existing in the packaging industry In order to further develop and participate in international competition, we must also find out its shortcomings and deficiencies. Looking at the development process for more than 20 years, it is not difficult to find some obvious deficiencies in the packaging machinery industry in China. There are the following points:
(1) Repeated production of low-level products is more. Such as small automatic sealing machine, vacuum packaging machine, small filling machine, small food production equipment. These devices are technically difficult, low cost, and quick to start. Therefore, many companies choose it as an "entry" product, in order to accumulate funds and re-expansion. In this way, the product will inevitably be repeated, the product backlog will not be sold, and it will naturally affect the renewal of the equipment, ultimately making it difficult to increase the level of production.
(2) High-tech products have not yet been produced. For example, high-pressure sterilizing equipment does not even enter the experimental stage. Another example is multi-layer co-extruded equipment. Its co-extrusion is also purchased from the United States.
(3) The self-development ability is weak. On the one hand, we have a relatively late start and we haven't figured out the laws of the market. On the other hand, we have weak scientific and technological forces, insufficient resources for high-tech talents, few people who master advanced design and application of CAD, and many companies are optimistic about others. The production of a good product market, buy drawings to follow the sample, the result is not ideal. Some companies copied foreign products to measure imitation, and reached the prototype level is called "the international advanced level", in fact, has long been eliminated products. If the degree of uniformity, people have been adapted to high temperature, high pressure, high viscosity materials, all with a plasmid size of up to 1μm come out, we also take 3μm ordinary equipment marked international advanced level. This kind of self-restraint affects the development of the product, even if there are new products, its grade is not high. For another example, due to the rapid development of science and technology, ultra-fine powder or semi-nano-powdered powders have poor fluidity. Therefore, organizations that improve fluidity should be studied to meet the requirements of automated production lines.
(4) Pervasive reliability problems. Enterprises do not pay much attention to product quality, performance in two aspects: First, the parts of their own processing, some precision is not enough, some of the material is not good, and some heat treatment of no heat treatment, the forging of no forging. Less than a month is often severely worn out and cannot be used. Some enterprises have backward equipment, large deviations in packaging products, and high reject rates. Some companies should use steel brackets instead of cast iron brackets for low-price competition. On the other hand, there are matching parts. The goods are not strictly controlled, and they are interested in purchasing low-quality and low-quality products. As a result, some products start to jam. There are also many problems with seals and transmissions.
(5) product protection failed to attach importance. Fewer equipment safety measures. Most of the protective covers and protective doors are not installed, and some of them are installed, but they cannot implement safety interlocking and only provide negative protection. In particular, heavy bag packaging, labor intensity, safety is more important, we must pay enough attention.
2.2 The need for packaging automation In order to change the status quo of the packaging industry, there are the following requirements or development trends for the automation of packaging equipment:
(1) The electromechanical instrument integrated technology is the mainstream of the development of packaging palletizing production lines. The degree of automation is an important indicator of the technical level of packaging machinery. The content includes the automatic control of the process, process parameters, material flow, product quality, operational failures, safety precautions, and the two aspects of packaging, packaging bags or containers, packaging products, and automatic detection of the packaging process. Due to a large number of new technologies such as micro-electronics, far-infrared, and sensing, especially the application of microcomputers, the level has been rapidly increased, thereby reducing manual operations and improving the quality of packaging.
(2) While promoting single-machine high-speed, pay attention to improving the efficiency of the system.
High speed is the main way to increase the production efficiency of packaging machinery. For this reason, increasing the packaging speed has become an overall development trend. The main approach is to improve the structure while improving the automation. It will also pay more attention to improving the production efficiency of the entire packaging system, making high-speed development to deeper, and making the packaging system more economical and reasonable.
(3) While developing special machines, we are actively developing general models.
For some shapes, sizes are basically fixed, production batch
Keywords: packaging production line; equipment; automation
According to statistics, as of the end of the 1990s, there were about 1,000 companies producing packaging equipment in China. From the perspective of the size of the enterprise, only 18.5% of the total number of workers in the packaging equipment enterprises in the country exceeded 1,000. That is to say, the scale of packaging equipment companies is SMEs are the mainstay. Although the number of large-scale enterprises is small, they also have a certain percentage, have certain energy and influence, and provide favorable conditions for developing high-tech and more complex products.
Judging from the degree of specialization, the current level of professionalization of domestic packaging equipment is not high, 57% of enterprises are concurrent production, only the provincial and municipal specialized factories in the coastal areas are more.
From the perspective of the product composition of enterprises, China's packaging equipment is mainly concentrated in cigarettes, beverages, and light industries; there are few packaging facilities in the chemical industry, building materials industry, metallurgical industry, sugar industry, and grain processing, that is, the so-called heavy Bag packaging production equipment is rare. As the heavy bag packaging equipment requires relatively high automation, and the scientific and technological content is relatively high, involving mechanical, electrical, electronic, instrumentation, computers, sensors, and gas-liquid, etc., the professionalism is strong, and the research funding required to invest is much, so scientific research There are also few units and manufacturers.
After nearly ten years of efforts, China's packaging equipment manufacturing industry has made great progress in terms of quantity, variety, quality and level. However, there is still a long way to go from the international level, especially in the gap in the technological content of packaging equipment. As a result, in China's building materials industry, food processing industry, metallurgy, sugar refining and other industries that need packaging activities can not get rid of the heavy physical labor, so these industries have low labor productivity, high production costs, product quality instability, waste, serious Interfering with the development of these industries. For example, in Guangxi, there is currently no manufacturer that produces automatic heavy bag packaging lines.
The economic costs and market prospects of artificial packaging and natural packaging are quite different. China will soon join the World Trade Organization. The internationally advanced and cost-effective products produced through advanced production technologies and management will have a great impact on China's production methods and products. In the past, our traditional hand-workshop-style production methods produced products that were difficult to compete internationally. This article discusses the automation of packaging production lines at a certain level.
1 Automatic Packaging Line and Equipment The production process of automatic packaging line is shown in Figure 1.
Material from main plant → Sensor weighing hopper → Electronic weighing unit → Sealing machine → Palletizing system → Warehouse
Figure 1 Flow Chart of Automatic Packaging Line
Packaging machinery and equipment can be divided into three levels according to their complexity: simple, semi-automatic and fully automatic. The automatic packaging production line equipment is mainly composed of two parts: automatic packaging equipment and automatic palletizing equipment.1.1 Fully automatic packaging equipment Fully automatic packaging machine consists of automatic bagging system, packaging scale (can be designed as single or multi-scale if necessary), platform, plastic equipment, demolition machine, batch number and production date printer, conveyor ( Including bag conveyor, stand bag conveyor and flat bag conveyor), and dust collection device can also be set up. Automatic bagging system is the main difference between fully automatic packaging and semi-automatic packaging. The automatic bagging system has strict requirements on the quality of the packaging bag. When the coating film does not meet the requirements, the failure rate of the automatic bagging system increases as the quality of the bag decreases. If non-export products, valuable products, and packaging of articles with strict requirements on product packaging, from the perspective of reducing the cost of packaging bags and the price of packaging machines, semi-automatic packaging machines are recommended.
The automatic packaging machine can pack 50 bags of 500 bags per hour, with a maximum of 800 bags to 1,200 bags; the weighing accuracy is 0.2% and the highest is 0.1%.
1.2 Automatic palletizing system The fully automated palletizing system consists of a charter machine, a rake type reinforcement machine, an article attitude control device, a conveyor system, and a control system. Automatic palletizing systems are available in elevated and low profile versions.
The amount of the overhead palletizer is greater than the output of the low palletizer. Each stack of five bags, 40 to 50kg per bag, and 40 bags per bag, can be stacked up to 600 bags per hour up to 1200 bags per hour.
Automatic palletizing machines are equipped with forklift trucks for storage and transportation, and there are flexible loading and unloading operations. Mechanized operation can be realized for tasks such as transportation, palletizing, demolition, and removal. The work time is greatly shortened, and labor intensity is greatly reduced. An automatic palletizing production line is recommended for 2 to 3 operators.
For enterprises with an annual output of more than 100,000 tons, the use of fully automatic packaging pallets can produce great economic and social benefits. Enterprises with an annual output of 50,000 to 100,000 tons also have significant economic and social benefits; Enterprises with output of more than 5,000 tons are recommended to use semi-automatic packaging and palletizing production lines, and they can also obtain large economic and social benefits.
1.3 Features of automatic packaging palletizing production line for fully automatic packaging palletizing production line:
(1) The automation process has been gradually realized. Packing materials or packaging containers are automatically organized and input to the output of products; automatic coordination of single machines and units and production lines and automatic processing of faults; online automatic detection of packaging quality and automatic rejection of defective products; to adapt to multiple varieties and small The actual need for mass production of packaging equipment can realize flexible automatic packaging palletizing.
(2) Packing code åž› Equipment is more complete. The packaging equipment is mostly single-unit linkage line and unit for continuous operation, and the complete set of methods is: The single-machine or unit with different functions and auxiliary equipment are combined to complete the continuous operation; the production line with multiple functions is designed and manufactured. In modern production, packaging machinery not only combines the functions of bag making, bag filling, sealing, weighing, palletizing, and transportation, but also combines functions such as cleaning, sterilization, metering, labeling, printing, inspection, and conveying. Complete sets of operations.
(3) High reliability. The automatic packaging line system has many functions, many work stations and complex mechanisms. It requires accurate movement, rapid movement and coordination, and reliable work. In modern industrial production, packaging equipment has become a key equipment in the production line. For this purpose, necessary inspection and monitoring measures are adopted, and faults are displayed or alarmed in a timely manner. For the purpose of detecting faults and misoperations, safety precautions are set so that the equipment may be damaged even under unexpected conditions. After the alarm is issued, the operator intervenes to restore the device to normal operation.
(4) Strong generality. The generalization, serialization and standardization of packaging equipment are more conducive to the automation of packaging. The composition of industrial packaging lines and equipment should be modular. Each specific user may have different needs in the nature of the material, weighing accuracy, productivity, as well as the package, sealing method, etc., but there are many actions are the same or similar, but the size is not the same, grain cereal automatic packaging There are also similarities with the actions of chemical fertilizers, mineral pellets, and small packages. Therefore, the components of the packaging equipment can be designed to be generalized. Therefore, the degree of generalization of some national packaging machinery has reached 70% to 90%.
1.4 Semi-automatic packaging systems Due to production and other reasons, manual operations such as bag feeding and sealing operations are sometimes required, and on-line reconditioning, quality review, inspection, printing, and roll consolidation are sometimes not required. At this time, the system is also referred to as semi-automatic packaging. system.
2? The need for automated packaging equipment packaging line For a long time, the packaging production line only to pack the material well, especially the more than 25kg heavy bag packaging, as for the subsequent handling work is completely completed by the porters. There are many reasons for this situation, but it is mainly due to the low level of productivity in our country, cheap labor, lack of funds, lack of scientific research personnel, and backward management.
2.1 Problems existing in the packaging industry In order to further develop and participate in international competition, we must also find out its shortcomings and deficiencies. Looking at the development process for more than 20 years, it is not difficult to find some obvious deficiencies in the packaging machinery industry in China. There are the following points:
(1) Repeated production of low-level products is more. Such as small automatic sealing machine, vacuum packaging machine, small filling machine, small food production equipment. These devices are technically difficult, low cost, and quick to start. Therefore, many companies choose it as an "entry" product, in order to accumulate funds and re-expansion. In this way, the product will inevitably be repeated, the product backlog will not be sold, and it will naturally affect the renewal of the equipment, ultimately making it difficult to increase the level of production.
(2) High-tech products have not yet been produced. For example, high-pressure sterilizing equipment does not even enter the experimental stage. Another example is multi-layer co-extruded equipment. Its co-extrusion is also purchased from the United States.
(3) The self-development ability is weak. On the one hand, we have a relatively late start and we haven't figured out the laws of the market. On the other hand, we have weak scientific and technological forces, insufficient resources for high-tech talents, few people who master advanced design and application of CAD, and many companies are optimistic about others. The production of a good product market, buy drawings to follow the sample, the result is not ideal. Some companies copied foreign products to measure imitation, and reached the prototype level is called "the international advanced level", in fact, has long been eliminated products. If the degree of uniformity, people have been adapted to high temperature, high pressure, high viscosity materials, all with a plasmid size of up to 1μm come out, we also take 3μm ordinary equipment marked international advanced level. This kind of self-restraint affects the development of the product, even if there are new products, its grade is not high. For another example, due to the rapid development of science and technology, ultra-fine powder or semi-nano-powdered powders have poor fluidity. Therefore, organizations that improve fluidity should be studied to meet the requirements of automated production lines.
(4) Pervasive reliability problems. Enterprises do not pay much attention to product quality, performance in two aspects: First, the parts of their own processing, some precision is not enough, some of the material is not good, and some heat treatment of no heat treatment, the forging of no forging. Less than a month is often severely worn out and cannot be used. Some enterprises have backward equipment, large deviations in packaging products, and high reject rates. Some companies should use steel brackets instead of cast iron brackets for low-price competition. On the other hand, there are matching parts. The goods are not strictly controlled, and they are interested in purchasing low-quality and low-quality products. As a result, some products start to jam. There are also many problems with seals and transmissions.
(5) product protection failed to attach importance. Fewer equipment safety measures. Most of the protective covers and protective doors are not installed, and some of them are installed, but they cannot implement safety interlocking and only provide negative protection. In particular, heavy bag packaging, labor intensity, safety is more important, we must pay enough attention.
2.2 The need for packaging automation In order to change the status quo of the packaging industry, there are the following requirements or development trends for the automation of packaging equipment:
(1) The electromechanical instrument integrated technology is the mainstream of the development of packaging palletizing production lines. The degree of automation is an important indicator of the technical level of packaging machinery. The content includes the automatic control of the process, process parameters, material flow, product quality, operational failures, safety precautions, and the two aspects of packaging, packaging bags or containers, packaging products, and automatic detection of the packaging process. Due to a large number of new technologies such as micro-electronics, far-infrared, and sensing, especially the application of microcomputers, the level has been rapidly increased, thereby reducing manual operations and improving the quality of packaging.
(2) While promoting single-machine high-speed, pay attention to improving the efficiency of the system.
High speed is the main way to increase the production efficiency of packaging machinery. For this reason, increasing the packaging speed has become an overall development trend. The main approach is to improve the structure while improving the automation. It will also pay more attention to improving the production efficiency of the entire packaging system, making high-speed development to deeper, and making the packaging system more economical and reasonable.
(3) While developing special machines, we are actively developing general models.
For some shapes, sizes are basically fixed, production batch
They are kinds of vacuum flasks. We just make stainless steel vacuum flasks. Also, stainless steel flasks have to be double wall vacuumed insulated. There are different shapes for option, as well as different sizes from 350ml to 2000ml. Usually, stainless steel vacuum flasks are used to take juice, water, other non-carbonated liquids. Stainless steel vacuum flasks can keep cold over 24 hours and hot 12 hours. It is a good choice for keeping temperature for a long time.
Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask,Double Wall Stainless Steel Vacuum Flask,Beverage Vacuum Flask,Stainless Steel Thermos Flask
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