There are numerous types of chicken wing wood, each with its own unique history and cultural significance. This kind of wood has long been favored by scholars and merchants alike, elevating it to a status that once made it a symbol of aristocracy and trendiness among the masses. The name "chicken wing" may have originated from poetic or symbolic interpretations, as some believe the term might be a play on words. Historical relics from the Ming and Qing dynasties often feature chicken-like motifs, which were associated with good fortune and auspicious meanings. As a result, the name "chicken wing wood" likely carries deeper cultural connotations.
Originally, wenge wood was considered a rare species, with only small trees available. Over time, it gained prestige among the literati, giving it a spiritual and artistic value. This reputation led to the emergence of imitations, making it common for substitutes to appear in the market. Understanding the true nature of chicken wing wood requires knowledge of its characteristics, origins, and evolution over centuries.
Chicken wing wood can generally be divided into three main categories: old chicken wing wood, new chicken wing wood, and fake chicken wing wood.
Old chicken wing wood refers to pieces used in Ming Dynasty furniture and some early Qing Dynasty items. It is relatively light in weight, even lighter than some hardwoods like eucalyptus. Its color tends to be ash-gray, especially after years of waxing and aging. When freshly waxed, it appears slightly lighter, but the grain remains subtle. The texture isn't as pronounced as one might expect, and it's often mistaken for ironwood. A simple way to identify it is by looking at the direction of the grain relative to nails—old chicken wing wood has a smooth, straight grain, while ironwood shows more irregular patterns.
New chicken wing wood emerged during the mid-to-late Qing Dynasty when the supply of old chicken wing wood began to dwindle. This type is slightly heavier, with a brownish-yellow tone and more visible grain patterns. It’s generally more visually appealing to the average person, though it lacks the flexibility of the older variety. The fibers are thicker and tougher, making it harder to carve. As a result, carvings on new chicken wing wood tend to be rougher and less refined. The sources of this wood are varied, with multiple regions producing different qualities, so it's important to be cautious when identifying genuine pieces.
Fake chicken wing wood, imported from Africa in recent years, is not the same species as the traditional types. It has an exaggeratedly beautiful grain and a color that is too bright, combining black and yellow tones that many consider garish. It’s also much heavier, similar to mahogany, and emits a strong, unpleasant odor. Locally, it's known by various names such as “seeing the light†in Cantonese, “Tokyo wood†in Zhejiang, and “Shatongmu†in Suzhou. Furniture made from this imitation material is clearly inferior and should be avoided.
The history of chicken wing wood furniture spans at least five hundred years, revered by scholars and sometimes misunderstood by traders. Like an eccentric character, it has always been unpredictable. Despite its long history, the exact number of variations in chicken wing wood remains unclear. Understanding its physical properties is essential when examining Ming and Qing dynasty furniture, as it helps avoid major misidentifications. Whether authentic or imitated, chicken wing wood continues to captivate those who appreciate its beauty and complexity.
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